Bacula Administrator's Manual

http://wiki.bacula.org/doku.php?id=bacula_manual

This manual is currently being updated by Baylink (et al) to conform to v5.0. Contributions are encouraged, particularly those by people who know the new version well, and can confirm or correct CHECKME and  spots.

(Please Contribute: Pick a topic, turn it into a link, write up the topic from scratch or copy it from the Official Bacula manual and update it.)

• List of Figures

• List of Tables

• What is Bacula? (And more…)

• The Current State of Bacula

• System Requirements

• Supported Operating Systems

• Supported Tape Drives

• Getting Started with Bacula

• Installing Bacula

• Critical Items to Implement Before Production

  • Critical Items

  • Recommended Items

• A Brief Tutorial

  • Before Running Bacula

  • Starting the Database

  • Starting the Daemons

  • Using the Director to Query and Start Jobs

  • Running a Job

  • Restoring Your Files

  • Quitting the Console Program

  • Adding a Second Client

  • When The Tape Fills

  • Other Useful Console Commands

  • Debug Daemon Output

  • Patience When Starting Daemons or Mounting Blank Tapes

  • Difficulties Connecting from the FD to the SD

  • Daemon Command Line Options

  • Creating a Pool

  • Labeling Your Volumes

  • Labeling Volumes with the Console Program

• Customizing the Configuration Files

  • Character Sets

  • Resource Directive Format

    • Comments

    • Upper and Lower Case and Spaces

    • Including other Configuration Files

    • Recognized Primitive Data Types

  • Resource Types

  • Names, Passwords and Authorization

  • Detailed Information for each Daemon

• Configuring the Director

  • Director Resource Types

  • The Director Resource

  • The Job Resource

  • The JobDefs Resource

  • The Schedule Resource

  • Technical Notes on Schedules

  • The FileSet Resource

  • Character Sets

  • FileSet Examples

  • Backing up Raw Partitions

  • Excluding Files and Directories

  • Windows FileSets

  • Testing Your FileSet

  • The Client Resource

  • The Storage Resource

  • The Pool Resource

    • The Scratch Pool

  • The Catalog Resource

  • The Messages Resource

  • The Console Resource

  • The Counter Resource

  • Example Director Configuration File

• Client/File daemon Configuration

  • The Client Resource

  • The Director Resource

  • The Message Resource

  • Example Client Configuration File

• Storage Daemon Configuration

  • Storage Resource

  • Director Resource

  • Device Resource

  • Edit Codes for Mount and Unmount Directives

  • Devices that require a mount (DVD)

• Autochanger Resource

  • Capabilities

  • Messages Resource

  • Sample Storage Daemon Configuration File

• Messages Resource

• Console Configuration

  • General

  • The Director Resource

  • The ConsoleFont Resource

  • The Console Resource

  • Console Commands

  • Sample Console Configuration File

• Monitor Configuration

  • The Monitor Resource

  • The Director Resource

  • The Client Resource

  • The Storage Resource

  • Tray Monitor Security

  • Sample Tray Monitor configuration

    • Sample File daemon's Director record.

    • Sample Storage daemon's Director record.

    • Sample Director's Console record.

• Bacula Console

  • Console Configuration

  • Running the Console Program

  • Stopping the Console Program

  • Alphabetic List of Console Keywords

  • Alphabetic List of Console Commands

  • Special dot Commands

  • Special At (@) Commands

  • Running the Console from a Shell Script

  • Adding Volumes to a Pool

• The Restore Command

  • General

  • The Restore Command

  • Selecting Files by Filename

  • Command Line Arguments

  • Using File Relocation

    • Introduction

    • RegexWhere format

    • Examples

  • Restoring Directory Attributes

  • Restoring on Windows

  • Restoring Files Can Be Slow

  • Problems Restoring Files

  • Restore Errors

  • Example Restore Job Resource

  • File Selection Commands

  • Restoring When Things Go Wrong

• GUI Programs

  • List of GUI Programs

  • bimagemgr

    • bimagemgr installation

    • bimagemgr usage

• Catalog Maintenance

  • Setting Retention Periods

  • Compacting Your MySQL Database

  • Repairing Your MySQL Database

  • MySQL Table is Full

  • MySQL Server Has Gone Away

  • Repairing Your PostgreSQL Database

  • Database Performance Issues

  • Performance Issues Indexes

    • PostgreSQL Indexes

    • MySQL Indexes

    • SQLite Indexes

  • Compacting Your PostgreSQL Database

  • Compacting Your SQLite Database

  • Migrating from SQLite to MySQL

  • Backing Up Your Bacula Database

  • Backing Up Third Party Databases

  • Database Size

• Automatic Volume Recycling

  • Automatic Pruning

  • Pruning Directives

  • Recycling Algorithm

  • Recycle Status

  • Making Bacula Use a Single Tape

  • Daily, Weekly, Monthly Tape Usage Example

  • Automatic Pruning and Recycling Example

  • Manually Recycling Volumes

• Basic Volume Management

  • Key Concepts and Resource Records

    • Pool Options to Limit the Volume Usage

    • Automatic Volume Labeling

    • Restricting the Number of Volumes and Recycling

  • Concurrent Disk Jobs

  • An Example

  • Backing up to Multiple Disks

  • Considerations for Multiple Clients

• DVD Volumes

  • DVD Specific SD Directives

  • Edit Codes for DVD Directives

  • DVD Specific Director Directives

  • Other Points

• Automated Disk Backup

  • The Problem

  • The Solution

  • Overall Design

    • Full Pool

    • Differential Pool

    • Incremental Pool

  • The Actual Conf Files

• Migration

  • Migration Job Resource Directives

  • Migration Pool Resource Directives

  • Important Migration Considerations

  • Example Migration Jobs

• Backup Strategies

  • Simple One Tape Backup

    • Advantages

    • Disadvantages

    • Practical Details

  • Manually Changing Tapes

  • Daily Tape Rotation

    • Advantages

    • Disadvantages

    • Practical Details

  • Weekly Tape Rotation

    • Advantages

    • Disadvantages

    • Practical Details

• Autochanger Support

  • Knowing What SCSI Devices You Have

  • Example Scripts

  • Slots

  • Multiple Devices

  • Device Configuration Records

• Autochanger Resource

  • An Example Configuration File

  • A Multi-drive Example Configuration File

  • Specifying Slots When Labeling

  • Changing Cartridges

  • Dealing with Multiple Magazines

  • Simulating Barcodes in your Autochanger

  • The Full Form of the Update Slots Command

  • FreeBSD Issues

  • Testing Autochanger and Adapting mtx-changer script

  • Using the Autochanger

  • Barcode Support

  • Bacula Autochanger Interface

• Supported Autochangers

• Data Spooling

  • Data Spooling Directives

  • !!! MAJOR WARNING !!!

  • Other Points

• Python Scripting

  • Python Configuration

  • Bacula Events

  • Python Objects

  • Python Console Command

  • Debugging Python Scripts

  • Python Example

• ANSI and IBM Tape Labels

  • Director Pool Directive

  • Storage Daemon Device Directives

• Bacula Frequently Asked Questions

  • What is Bacula?

  • Does Bacula support Windows?

  • What language is Bacula written in?

  • On what machines does Bacula run?

  • Is Bacula Stable?

  • I'm Getting Authorization Errors. What is Going On?

  • Bacula Runs Fine but Cannot Access a Client on a Different Machine. Why?

  • My Catalog is Full of Test Runs, How Can I Start Over?

  • I Run a Restore Job and Bacula Hangs. What do I do?

  • I Cannot Get My Windows Client to Start Automatically?

  • My Windows Client Immediately Dies When I Start It

  • My backups are not working on my Windows Client. What should I do?

  • All my Jobs are scheduled for the same time. Will this cause problems?

  • Can Bacula Backup My System To Files instead of Tape?

  • Can I use a dummy device to test the backup?

  • Can Bacula Backup and Restore Files Bigger than 2 Gigabytes?

  • I want to stop a job.

  • Why have You Trademarked the Name Bacula?

  • Why is the Online Document for Version 1.39 but the Released Version is 1.38?

  • Does Bacula really save and restore all files?

  • I want an Incremental but Bacula runs it as a Full backup. Why?

  • Do you really handle unlimited path lengths?

  • What Is the Really Unique Feature of Bacula?

  • How can I force one job to run after another?

  • I Am Not Getting Email Notification, What Can I Do?

  • My retention periods don't work

  • Why aren't my files compressed?

  • Incremental backups are not working

  • I am waiting forever for a backup of an offsite machine

  • SSH hangs forever after starting Bacula

  • I'm confused by retention periods

  • MaxVolumeSize is ignored

  • I get a Connection refused when connecting to my Client

  • Long running jobs die with Pipe Error

  • How to I tell the Job which Volume to use?

• Tips and Suggestions

  • Upgrading Bacula Versions

  • Getting Notified of Job Completion

  • Getting Email Notification to Work

  • Getting Notified that Bacula is Running

  • Maintaining a Valid Bootstrap File

  • Rejected Volumes After a Crash

  • Security Considerations

  • Creating Holiday Schedules

  • Automatic Labeling Using Your Autochanger

  • Backing Up Portables Using DHCP

  • Going on Vacation

  • Exclude Files on Windows Regardless of Case

  • Executing Scripts on a Remote Machine

  • Recycling All Your Volumes

  • Backing up ACLs on ext3 or XFS filesystems

  • Total Automation of Bacula Tape Handling

  • Running Concurrent Jobs

• Volume Utility Tools

  • Specifying the Configuration File

  • Specifying a Device Name For a Tape

  • Specifying a Device Name For a File

  • Specifying Volumes

  • bls

    • Listing Jobs

    • Listing Blocks

  • bextract

    • Extracting with Include or Exclude Lists

    • Extracting With a Bootstrap File

    • Extracting From Multiple Volumes

  • bscan

    • Using bscan to Compare a Volume to an existing Catalog

    • Using bscan to Recreate a Catalog from a Volume

    • Using bscan to Correct the Volume File Count

    • After bscan

  • bcopy

    • bcopy Command Options

  • btape

    • Using btape to Verify your Tape Drive

    • btape Commands

  • Other Programs

  • bsmtp

  • dbcheck

  • bregex

  • bwild

  • testfind

• Testing Your Tape Drive With Bacula

  • Get Your Tape Drive Working

    • Problems When no Tape in Drive

    • Specifying the Configuration File

    • Specifying a Device Name For a Tape

    • Specifying a Device Name For a File

  • btape

    • Using btape to Verify your Tape Drive

    • Linux SCSI Tricks

  • Tips for Resolving Problems

    • Bacula Saves But Cannot Restore Files

    • Bacula Cannot Open the Device

    • Incorrect File Number

    • Incorrect Number of Blocks or Positioning Errors

    • Ensuring that the Tape Modes Are Properly Set — Linux Only

    • Tape Hardware Compression and Blocking Size

    • Tape Modes on FreeBSD

    • Finding your Tape Drives and Autochangers on FreeBSD

    • Using the OnStream driver on Linux Systems

  • Hardware Compression on EXB-8900

    • Using btape to Simulate Filling a Tape

  • Recovering Files Written With Fixed Block Sizes

  • Tape Blocking Modes

  • Details of Tape Modes

  • Autochanger Errors

  • Syslog Errors

• What To Do When Bacula Crashes (Kaboom)

  • Traceback

  • Testing The Traceback

  • Getting A Traceback On Other Systems

  • Manually Running Bacula Under The Debugger

  • Getting Debug Output from Bacula

• The Windows Version of Bacula

  • Win32 Installation

  • Post Win32 Installation

  • Uninstalling Bacula on Win32

  • Dealing with Win32 Problems

  • Windows Compatibility Considerations

  • Volume Shadow Copy Service

  • VSS Problems

  • Windows Firewalls

  • Windows Port Usage

  • Windows Disaster Recovery

  • Windows Restore Problems

  • Windows Ownership and Permissions Problems

  • Manually resetting the Permissions

  • Backing Up the WinNT/XP/2K System State

  • Considerations for Filename Specifications

  • Win32 Specific File daemon Command Line

  • Shutting down Windows Systems

• Disaster Recovery Using Bacula

  • General

  • Important Considerations

  • Steps to Take Before Disaster Strikes

  • Bare Metal Recovery on Linux with a Bacula Rescue CD

  • Requirements

  • Directories

  • Preparation for a Bare Metal Recovery

  • Creating a Bacula Rescue CDROM

  • Putting Multiple Systems on Your Rescue Disk

  • Restoring a Client System

  • Boot with your Bacula Rescue CDROM

  • Restoring a Server

  • Linux Problems or Bugs

  • Bare Metal Recovery using a LiveCD

  • FreeBSD Bare Metal Recovery

  • Solaris Bare Metal Recovery

  • Preparing Solaris Before a Disaster

  • Bugs and Other Considerations

  • Disaster Recovery of Win32 Systems

  • Ownership and Permissions on Win32 Systems

  • Alternate Disaster Recovery Suggestion for Win32 Systems

  • Restoring to a Running System

  • Additional Resources

• Bacula TLS — Communications Encryption

  • TLS Configuration Directives

  • Creating a Self-signed Certificate

  • Getting a CA Signed Certificate

  • Example TLS Configuration Files

• Data Encryption

  • Building Bacula with Encryption Support

  • Encryption Technical Details

  • Decrypting with a Master Key

  • Generating Private/Public Encryption Keys

  • Example Data Encryption Configuration

• Bacula Security Issues

  • Backward Compatibility

  • Configuring and Testing TCP Wrappers

  • Running as non-root

• Dealing with Firewalls

  • Technical Details

  • A Concrete Example

    • The Bacula Configuration Files for the Above

    • How Does It Work?

    • Important Note

    • Firewall Problems

• Using Bacula to Improve Computer Security

  • The Details

  • Running the Verify

  • What To Do When Differences Are Found

  • A Verify Configuration Example

• Bacula RPM Packaging FAQ

  • Answers

  • Build Options

  • RPM Install Problems

• The Bootstrap File

  • Bootstrap File Format

  • Automatic Generation of Bootstrap Files

  • Bootstrap for bscan

  • A Final Example

• Installing and Configuring MySQL

  • Installing and Configuring MySQL — Phase I

  • Installing and Configuring MySQL — Phase II

  • Re-initializing the Catalog Database

  • Linking Bacula with MySQL

  • Installing MySQL from RPMs

  • Upgrading MySQL

• Installing and Configuring PostgreSQL

  • Installing PostgreSQL

  • Configuring PostgreSQL

  • Re-initializing the Catalog Database

  • Installing PostgreSQL from RPMs

  • Converting from MySQL to PostgreSQL

  • Upgrading PostgreSQL

  • Credits

• Installing and Configuring SQLite

  • Installing and Configuring SQLite — Phase I

  • Installing and Configuring SQLite — Phase II

  • Linking Bacula with SQLite

  • Testing SQLite

  • Re-initializing the Catalog Database

  • The internal database is not supported, please do not use it.

  • Internal Bacula Database

• Bacula Copyright, Trademark, and Licenses

  • FDL

  • GPL

  • LGPL

  • Public Domain

  • Trademark

  • Fiduciary License Agreement

  • Disclaimer

• GNU Free Documentation License

  • GNU General Public License

  • Table of Contents

  • GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE

  • Preamble

  • TERMS AND CONDITIONS

  • How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs

  • GNU Lesser General Public License

  • Table of Contents

  • GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE

  • Preamble

  • TERMS AND CONDITIONS

  • How to Apply These Terms to Your New Libraries

• Bacula Projects

• Thanks

  • Copyrights and Trademarks

• Bacula Bugs

• Variable Expansion

• General Functionality

• Bacula Variables

• Full Syntax

• Semantics

• Examples

• Using Stunnel to Encrypt Communications

• Communications Ports Used

• Encryption

• A Picture

• Certificates

• Securing the Data Channel

• Data Channel Configuration

• Stunnel Configuration for the Data Channel

• Starting and Testing the Data Encryption

• Encrypting the Control Channel

• Control Channel Configuration

• Stunnel Configuration for the Control Channel

• Starting and Testing the Control Channel

• Using stunnel to Encrypt to a Second Client

• Creating a Self-signed Certificate

• Getting a CA Signed Certificate

• Using ssh to Secure the Communications

• General Index

• Director Index

• File Daemon Index

• Storage Daemon Index

• Console Index

• About this document …

Copied shamelessly from the Bacula Documentation, which is:

Copyright ©1999-2007, Free Software Foundation Europe e.V.

Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled “GNU Free Documentation License”.